Advocates of unidimensional strategy question the need for this kind out of classification on the grounds that it is perhaps not particular if they supply a better understanding of person behavior and they can unknown the image ( Lukaszewski, 2010 22. Lukaszewski , W . ( 2010 ). Udreka zycia. [torment out-of life] . Sopot : Smak slowa . ). Within their advice, the analysis of its outcomes on the everyday individual every day life is far more essential than just pinpointing the sources of the new FOPD, as in the research according to research by the horror government theory (Solomon, Greenberg, & Pyszczynski, 2015). Therefore, it can be determined that no matter how correctly we describe the thing of the FOPD, one or two central things are the same: the point that we go through anxiety and the simple fact that when you look at the all the times they questions demise-the fragility away from people lifetime. By contrast, Yalom (2008b) believes one death anxiety is actually a mixture of distinct, practically particular, anxieties, around that main issue is worries regarding individual annihilation-worries away from ceasing to survive. Within evaluate, it’s genuine so you’re able to suspect that the two steps (unidimensional and you may multidimensional) do not ban each other however, enable it to be a better knowledge of different servings out of peoples existence where the FOPD functions an crucial function. In design of one’s FOPD, you’ll distinguish both an over-all dimension and you may a good level of specific sizes making it upwards; new elements which should be the main focus decided from the expectations plus the precision of your devices made use of.
An evaluation of your own available classifications implies, to begin with, any particular one kind of FOPD (elizabeth
g., concern about existence just after demise, fear of the procedure of perishing otherwise concern with one’s body just after dying) occur by themselves of followed personality expectations, and you will next, that particular FOPD that will be popular as the separate in the one group is used in other classifications from the variety from even more generally outlined particular FOPD ( Ochsmann, 1993 31. Ochsmann , Roentgen . ( 1993 ). Angst vor tod und sterben. Beitrage zur thanato-psychologie. [fear of death and perishing. Efforts to thanatopsychology ] . Gottingen : Hogrefe . ). Eg findings strongly recommend a good hierarchical build of your FOPD.
And there’s inaccuracies on literary works into definition and build of one’s FOPD, the goal of the current study were to examine they into the a nuanced ways, toward Furcht vor Tod und auch Sterben Fragebogen (Death and Passing away Stress Index, FVTS) because a keen empirical example. Way more particularly, we hypothesised that (a) the latest inconsistencies and you can contradictory contributes to previous look was indeed because of the clear presence of the general concern about death grounds, which is meaningfully differentiated on certain types of brand new FOPD; and you can (b) the newest FOPD would end up in possess an effective hierarchical design. To check whether the design of one’s FVTS constructed the general concern with dying and additionally more specific forms of FOPD, i did good bi-factor confirmatory basis analysis. To check whether or not the construction of one’s FOPD is actually hierarchical inside characteristics, i went a number https://besthookupwebsites.org/bbwdesire-review/ of exploratory architectural formula designs just like the recommended in Goldberg’s (2006) 13. Goldberg , L. Roentgen . ( 2006 ). Doing it the trout-ackwards: The development of the latest hierarchical foundation structures about most readily useful down . Record off Look inside the Character , 40 , 347 – 358 . . top-down process.
Professionals and processes
The study was conducted in central, eastern and southern Poland on a group of 1217 people (602 women and 615 men) between 18 and 89 years of age ( M Yearss = ; SD Age = ). The sample consisted of people in the following age ranges: between 18 and 23 years old ( M Age = ; SD Age = 1.79), constituting 35%; between 24 and 40 years old ( M Age = ; SD Age = 4.98), constituting 38%; between 41 and 59 years old ( M Age = ; SD Age = 4.95), constituting 16%; and over 60 years old ( M Age = ; SD Age = 5.74), constituting 3%. There was no data on age for 8% of the sample. Twenty-nine per cent of participants had a secondary education, 23% had an elementary education (17% of them were secondary school students) and 23% had a higher education. We did not obtain information on 25% of the participants’ education level.