Members throughout the three communities was basically applied yourself the newest Italian versions of your UPPS-P Natural Decisions Measure (UPPS-P; ) in addition to DERS care about-report surveys. Participants was administered brand new UPPS-P therefore the DERS two to four weeks after the initial BPI management. Every actions was in fact applied in arbitrary order. The brand new BPI, the newest UPPS-P, as well as the DERS was in fact interpreted to your Italian by a couple of authors; for everybody measures, the brand new adequacy of your Italian translations on the particular fresh systems is actually subject to English mom-language top-notch translators thanks to right back-translations.
Borderline Identification Collection (BPI)
The BPI is a 53–item self–report questionnaire based on Kernberg’s concept of borderline personality organization . It assesses a broad range of phenomenological manifestations of BPD pathology, including affectivity and identity disturbances, fear of closeness, interpersonal instability, self–harming/suicidal behavior, impulsive behavior, dissociative symptoms and psychotic symptoms. Applying a modification of the original true–false (yes/no) rating of the items , items were scored on a Likert-type scale with four levels of agreement ranging from “disagree strongly” to “agree strongly” . The BPI yields a total score that is a dimensional measure of overall BPD psychopathology (with higher scores corresponding to greater BPD psychopathology). Only the first 51 items of the BPI are summed to compute the BPI total score (which can range from 51 to 204). In adult participants, the BPI has been found to be a reliable and valid measure of BPD, with sensitivity and specificity data showing that the BPI identifies independently diagnosed patients with sufficient 
hit rates . Likewise, in adult participants, the BPI total score has been shown to yield good agreement with Gunderson’s DIB-R [46, 47] and DSM-III-R diagnostic criteria for BPD . Of particular relevance to this study, the BPI has also been found to be a reliable measure of BPD features in samples of adolescents . In support of the measure’s construct validity, scores on the Italian version of the BPI (Cronbach ? = .93) have been found to evidence significant associations with self-reports of childhood sexual abuse, r = .29, p < .001, childhood neglect, r = .33, p < .001, and emotion dysregulation (as assessed with the DERS), r = .39, p < .001, in a sample of Italian nonclinical adults (N = 431, 58.2% female, mean age = 35 ± 16).
In the present study, the Cronbach ? values of the BPI total scores were .91 and .97 in the screening sample (N = 1,157) and the three groups combined, respectively. Similar Cronbach ? values were observed for the BPI total score within each group. In the present study, a subsample of 75 adolescents (41.3% female, mean age = years, SD = 1.74) agreed to be re-administered the Italian version of the BPI one month after the first administration; the value of the test-retest reliability coefficient was good, r = .85, p < .001.
Problems inside Emotion Control Size (DERS)
The fresh DERS was thirty-six-item size that provide an intensive comparison away from complete feeling dysregulation and half a dozen particular size: nonacceptance out of bad thinking, difficulties getting into objective-directed behaviors whenever disturb, issues dealing with impulsive habits when upset, restricted the means to access effective feeling control strategies, decreased mental good sense, and you will shortage of psychological clarity. The fresh DERS enjoys showed a beneficial attempt–retest precision and adequate create and predictive legitimacy , and is firmly synchronised that have an experimental way of measuring feelings regulation one of BPD customers (roentgen = -.63; see ). Subsequent, brand new DERS is known to possess a great interior feel and sufficient create and you can convergent authenticity among teenagers old 11–17, including an identical grounds build to this found in adults . In the modern investigation, new DERS overall rating demonstrated sufficient internal consistency regarding whole shot (Letter = 91), Cronbach ? = .90, and in this new large-BPD category (Cronbach ? = .89), average-BPD group (Cronbach ? = .78), and you will reasonable-BPD class (Cronbach ? = .79).